Principle of microwave sensor

The working principle of the microwave sensor is that the microwave emitted by the transmitting antenna will be absorbed or reflected when it encounters the object to be measured, causing the power to change. If a receiving antenna is used to receive the microwave that passes through or is reflected from the measured object, and converts it into an electrical signal, which is then processed by the measurement circuit, microwave detection is realized.

The microwave sensor is mainly composed of a microwave oscillator and a microwave antenna. A microwave oscillator is a device that generates microwaves. The components that make up the microwave oscillator are klystrons, magnetrons or some solid components. The oscillating signal generated by the microwave oscillator needs to be transmitted by a waveguide and emitted through an antenna. In order to make the emitted microwaves have consistent directivity, the antenna should have a special structure and shape.